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Al Melchior

By the Numbers: Is it all about location?

By | Special to CBSSports.com


I don't generally believe in micromanaging my Fantasy teams, but one of my favorite managerial tactics is to rotate my more extreme flyball pitchers in and out of the rotation based on where they will be pitching in the coming week.

I have also been dispensing this advice on this site over the last two seasons. Just two weeks ago, I advised Scott Richmond's owners to sit him in "homer havens like Yankee Stadium, Camden Yards and U.S. Cellular Field." It seems like every time I have benched someone like Kevin Slowey or Ted Lilly before they visit a home run ballpark, they wind up getting shelled and I wind up dodging a bullet. Still, I had never put my theory to any kind of test, so for all I know, my perceived success with this strategy could be nothing more than selective memory.

I decided to look at the numbers for the most extreme flyball pitchers over the past few years, and see if they performed any better in low-homer and homer-neutral parks, and the results surprised me. They will change the way I manage my teams.

Before we dig into the results, here's what I did. First, I identified all of the starting pitchers from 2007 to 2009 who had seasons with flyball rates of at least 43 percent (both the average and median rate for starting pitchers over this period was 35.9 percent). Then I weeded out all of the pitchers on the list who did not have a rate this high during this season plus at least one of the prior two seasons. The final step was to separate out their stats from the most home run-friendly ballparks. Using the park factor indices published on the MLB.com Fantasy 411 blog, I isolated the nine stadiums with the highest home run indices from 2006 to 2008. For good measure, I also added any games pitched in the new Yankee Stadium to the "homer park" data set, even though we don't have any reliable park factor data for the Bombers' new ballpark.

With the home run park performances parsed out, do we see any difference in how well extreme flyball pitchers have performed in these two different types of environments? Do their flyball tendencies get them into more trouble at Camden Yards, Coors Field or Citizens Bank Park? If we go by home run rates, there seems to be a legitimate cause for concern. Eight starting pitchers qualified for our study, and their home run rates at low-homer and homer-neutral parks are listed below alongside their home run rates at homer-friendly parks. Only Jered Weaver and Brandon McCarthy have had lower home run rates at the home run parks than at the other venues. The pattern for the six remaining pitchers is exactly as we would expect. In fact, Matt Cain and Chris R. Young have become completely different pitchers when they take the mound at one of the major league's launching pads. They transform from reliable home run preventers to long ball dispensers.

Pitcher Seasons IP non-HR parks HR/9 Non-HR Parks IP HR Parks HR/9 HR Parks Difference
Scott Baker 2008-09 241.1 1.2 18 1.5 0.3
Matt Cain 2008-09 281 0.7 45.1 1.4 0.7
Ted Lilly 2007-09 172 1.2 344.1 1.4 0.2
Brandon McCarthy 2007, '09 126.2 1.2 39 0.7 -0.5
Kevin Slowey 2007-09 279 1.5 38.2 1.9 0.4
Tim Wakefield 2008-09 259 1.0 24.2 1.1 0.1
Jered Weaver 2007-09 401 1.0 44 0.6 -0.4
Chris R. Young 2007-09 286.1 0.7 65 1.8 1.1

Note: Pitching stats from the following stadiums were included in the home run parks part of the analysis: U.S Cellular Field, Great American Ball Park, Oriole Park at Camden Yards, Citizens Bank Park, Coors Field, Wrigley Field, Chase Field, Rogers Centre, Minute Maid Park and the new Yankee Stadium.

While the overall trend is in line with our expectations, there is one caveat worth paying some attention to. Even though we are using two and a half years' worth of data, nearly all of our flyball pitchers have managed to avoid the worst home run parks for all but a handful of starts. Only Lilly, who has pitched his home games at Wrigley Field since '07, and Young, have started more than seven games in the extreme homer parks during the study period. Lilly is the only pitcher in this set who has pitched a sizeable number innings in both categories of ballpark, and while his home run rate has been higher in the homer-friendly parks, the difference is not dramatic. Given the generally small sample sizes, can we safely assume that the differences in home run rates will translate into differences in these pitchers' Fantasy performances?

For those who really like to micromanage, the answer, sadly, is no. Only three of the eight pitchers have posted higher ERAs in the home run parks than in the other stadiums. Lilly's results, which have their basis in the largest and most balanced sample of innings of all these pitchers, are the most telling. Despite his higher home run park HR/9 and large data pool, Lilly's ERA still turns out to be lower in the homer-friendly venues. Even more surprising, his won-lost record in those stadiums (29-15, .659 winning percentage) is far superior to his record in other stadiums (10-8, .556). Home field advantage in Lilly's Wrigley Field games only goes so far in explaining this difference.

Pitcher Seasons IP non-HR parks ERA Non-HR Parks IP HR Parks ERA HR Parks Difference
Scott Baker 2008-09 241.1 3.99 18 3.00 -0.99
Matt Cain 2008-09 281 3.43 45.1 2.78 -0.65
Ted Lilly 2007-09 172 4.08 344.1 3.71 -0.37
Brandon McCarthy 2007, '09 126.2 4.90 39 4.85 -0.5
Kevin Slowey 2007-09 279 4.16 38.2 6.05 1.89
Tim Wakefield 2008-09 259 4.13 24.2 4.74 0.61
Jered Weaver 2007-09 401 4.08 44 2.05 -2.03
Chris R. Young 2007-09 286.1 3.17 65 6.65 3.48

Meanwhile, only Young, Kevin Slowey and Tim Wakefield have managed to turn lower HR/9 rates in homer-averse and homer-neutral parks into a lower ERA. Over the last two seasons, Slowey and Wakefield have combined to go 1-6 with a 5.64 ERA in 11 homer park starts. These are results you want to avoid, but with such a small sample, it's hard to be confident that the results would be just as bad over their next 11 combined starts. Only Young offers home run park stats -- a 2-6 record and 6.65 ERA in 14 starts -- dreadful enough to trigger a red flag. If Young can't produce this kind of split, then no one can. He is the big league's most extreme flyball hurler pitching his home games in one of the most homer-averse parks.

If we could find that flyball tendencies truly made a difference in how well pitchers performed in different ballparks, the implications would extend beyond the owners of these eight pitchers. In addition to the starting pitchers featured in this analysis, another eight currently have flyball rates of at least 43 percent for this season. Some, like J.A. Happ and Koji Uehara, didn't qualify for the analysis because they are rookies, while others, like Jeremy Guthrie and Randy Wolf, are recent converts to extreme flyball pitching. But it appears that owners of Happ, Guthrie, et. al. can rest easy and leave the micromanaging to others. The data just doesn't support the idea that it's worth the time and trouble to shift these pitchers in and out of your rotation.

Scrap my old advice. My new advice to owners is this: If you own Young, pay close attention to where he is pitching and adjust his roster status accordingly. Otherwise, don't worry about it.

Glossary
Runs Created per 27 Outs (RC/27) -- An estimate of how many runs a lineup would produce per 27 outs if a particular player occupied each spot in the order; ex. the RC/27 for Miguel Cabrera would predict the productivity of a lineup where Cabrera (or his statistical equal) batted in all nine spots; created by Bill James
Component ERA (ERC) -- An estimate of a what a pitcher's ERA would be if it were based solely on actual pitching performance; created by Bill James
GO/AO -- Ground out-fly out ratio
GB/FB -- Ground ball-fly ball ratio
Batting Average per Balls in Play (BABIP) -- The percentage of balls in play (at bats minus strikeouts and home runs) that are base hits; research by Voros McCracken and others has established that this rate is largely random and has a norm of approximately 30%
Isolated Power -- The difference between slugging percentage and batting average; created by Branch Rickey and Allan Roth
Walk Rate -- Walks / (at bats + walks)
Whiff Rate -- Strikeouts / at bats

Al Melchior was recently a Fantasy columnist and data analyst for Baseball HQ and will be providing advice columns for CBSSports.com. Click here to send him a question. Please put "Melchior" in the subject field.

 
 
 
Player News
Joe Mauer
Mauer 'feels good' after workout
Joe Mauer, C, MIN
2:50 PM
News: The News-Press reports Twins C Joe Mauer took two rounds of batting practice and went through a set of conditioning drills around the base paths Monday, and he appeared to have no problems sprinting. Mauer battled leg injuries in 2011. “I feel good,” Mauer said. “It feels good to get back out here again.” Mauer also put to rest the rumors that he gained 30 pounds in the offseason. “I heard that, too, and I couldn’t believe it," he said. “It’s just how rumors start. There were a lot of things out there last year that weren’t true. I’m about 220, 225. I need to add a little more weight before we start.”
Analysis: While most players feel good when they arrive to camp, it's especially encouraging to hear Mauer say that since last season he was coming off knee surgery and wasn't ready for the start of spring training. Mauer will head into 2012 motivated after an injury-plagued 2011. There's no guarantee he is past his knee problems, but the Twins are going to do their best to make sure Mauer avoids the DL. There is obviously risk involved with drafting Mauer, but his potential to be an elite Fantasy option at catcher make it worth drafting him. An offseason of staying health could make Mauer a steal in the fifth or sixth round of mixed-league drafts.

Jair Jurrjens
Jurrjens still trade candidate
Jair Jurrjens, SP, ATL
11:57 AM
News: CBSSports.com senior writer Danny Knobler reports sources said the Braves could try and trade SP Jair Jurrjens if he proves healthy in spring training. The Braves tried to trade Jurrjens this winter, but they couldn't find a taker because potential trade partners weren't convinced Jurrjens was healthy or could stay healthy. Jurrjens missed the end of the 2011 season with a knee injury and has made just 43 starts the last two seasons.
Analysis: When Jurrjens is healthy, he is one of the best pitchers in the majors. His 1.87 ERA in the first half last season was second to only Jered Weaver among major-league starters. Jurrjens has won 13-plus games in three of the last four seasons. So why would the Braves want to trade him? Well, Jurrjens is a free agent after the 2013 season and it appears Atlanta is ready to clear some rotation space for the likes of Julio Teheran and Randall Delgado. It's going to be very interesting to see what happens with Jurrjens this spring. There appears to be a chance he might not finish the spring with Atlanta, which could mean Jurrjens slides down draft boards in NL-only formats that lose players who are traded to the AL. In mixed leagues, Jurrjens is still a decent mid-round Fantasy pick.

A.J. Burnett
Angels, Indians interested in Burnett
A.J. Burnett, SP, NYY
11:40 AM
News: FOXSports.com reports sources indicate the Angels are interested in Yankees SP A.J. Burnett, whose name has been heavily mentioned in trade rumors with the Pirates. However, the Angels are on Burnett's no-trade list and he wants to stay east. Pittsburgh is still considered the heavy favorite to potentially land Burnett. CBSSports.com baseball insider Jon Heyman said the Indians have also inquired about Burnett. The trade talks involve DH Travis Hafner, but Cleveland is unsure if it would make that trade. The Yankees also don't mind the free agent DH options available.
Analysis: Right now the hold up in the Pirates trade is how much money Pittsburgh will be willing to pay of Burnett's remaining salary over the next two years ($33 million) and the prospects the Pirates would send to the Yankees. Perhaps these rumors regarding the Angels and Indians might speed up the process, but other sources have said the Yankees would keep Burnett if the deal isn't right for them. Wherever Burnett pitches in 2012, he is going to be a late-round Fantasy pick coming off a turbulent 2011 campaign.

Coco Crisp
Crisp moving over for Cespedes?
Coco Crisp, CF, OAK
10:13 AM
News: Sources have told FOXSports.com that the Athletics intend to start newly signed Cuban defector Yoenis Cespedes in center field right away, which would move Coco Crisp over to left field and Seth Smith to DH. Cespedes is already 26 and has faced upper-level competition in Cuba, but some scouts think he could use some time in the minors to adjust to the U.S. game.
Analysis: None of these reports are coming directly from the Athletics, so you should consider them nothing more than speculation at this point. Still, speculation is better than nothing, and if Cespedes is in fact going to be on the opening day roster, then he might even be worth drafting in the middle rounds, given his upside. As for Crisp, moving to left field wouldn't have any real impact on his Fantasy value. The Athletics outfield is even more crowded with the Cespedes signing, but the team seems to consider Crisp a mainstay at the top of the lineup. Given his base-stealing ability and doubles pop, he's a worthy fourth or fifth outfielder in mixed leagues.

Ryan Braun
Braun will know fate by Feb. 24
Ryan Braun, LF, MIL
10:03 AM
News: Monday came and went without a ruling on Brewers OF Ryan Braun's pending 50-game suspension for testing positive for a banned substance. It was the 25th day since the three-man panel heard Braun's appeal. According to the Milwaukee Journal-Sentinel, the panel was supposed to “make all reasonable efforts” to deliver a verdict within that period of time, but chairman Shyam Das was given an extension. A decision is expected before Braun reports to spring training on Feb. 24, but the exact date is unknown since the process is intended to be confidential.
Analysis: The panel's need for a lengthy deliberation is theoretically a good sign, but then again, since the process is usually confidential, we don't know how common such extensions are. Braun's case is said to be unique, but it might not make much of a difference to the panel. If you're drafting now, you should do so with the expectation that Braun will miss the first 50 games of the season, which could allow him to slip to the middle rounds in standard mixed leagues. If the appeal is upheld, though, he's suddenly back to being a first-rounder in Fantasy.

Michael Pineda
Pineda 'excited' to be with Yanks
Michael Pineda, SP, NYY
3:15 PM
News: Michael Pineda started his New York Yankees' career a little early. The All-Star pitcher acquired from Seattle last month joined pre-spring training workouts Tuesday at the Yankees' minor league complex. "I'm excited because it's my first time," Pineda said. "I'm working hard to help my team make it to the playoffs." The Mariners and Yankees completed a four-player trade that sent promising slugger Jesus Montero and pitcher Hector Noesi to the Mariners for Pineda and pitching prospect Jose Campos. "My mom is excited because she has a lot of family in New York, and she's never come to America," said Pineda, who's mother lives in the Dominican Republic. "So this year, it's the first time she's coming to America. She's excited." Pineda and second baseman Robinson Cano are friends, which should help the pitcher's adjustment. "He talked to me, (and said) focus on the game, in your work," Pineda said. "Don't worry. I'll take care of you."
Analysis: The 23-year-old got off to a 6-2 start with a 2.16 ERA in his first season before finishing at 9-10 with a 3.74 ERA. He led the major leagues by holding right-handed batters to a .184 average, and he struck out 173 in 171 innings. Every Fantasy owner is looking toward Pineda in pinstripes. Had he been on a contender as a rookie in 2011, then he might have had a better record. He went 9-10 in 28 starts. Ivan Nova went 16-4 with the Yankees in 28 outings (27 starts) last season, which Fantasy owners would take any day given Pineda's upside. Consider Pineda a top 25 Fantasy SP on Draft Day. He was already a must-own Fantasy SP, but joining the Yankees makes him that much more valuable.

Alex Liddi
Liddi to work at 1B in spring
Alex Liddi, 3B, SEA
3:09 PM
News: The Seattle Times reports Mariners manager Eric Wedge said 3B Alex Liddi will be playing first base for most of the spring. Liddi began taking grounders at first on Tuesday.
Analysis: It seems as though the Mariners want to see if they can find an alternative way to get Liddi on the roster in the event Kyle Seager and Chone Figgins prove to be viable options at third base. Liddi could be a backup to Justin Smoak at first base. However, it appears Liddi might only be vying for a backup role with Seattle, so unless he has an outstanding spring, then he should be left for AL-only Fantasy formats on Draft Day.

Tsuyoshi Nishioka
Nishioka wants to be 'aggressive'
Tsuyoshi Nishioka, SS, MIN
2:58 PM
News: The News-Press reports Twins SS Tsuyoshi Nishioka arrived a week early to spring training so he could adjust to the time difference from Japan. He worked out Monday and said through a translator that adjusting to his first experience in the majors took its toll on him in 2011. “I want to be more aggressive,” Nishioka said. “Not knowing right from left, it was strange playing the sport of baseball. It’s difficult when you think about it. Driving a car, you drive on opposite sides of the road. Outside the ballpark, there were lifestyle adjustments, too. That made it pretty difficult.”
Analysis: It's good that Nishioka has come to camp with the right attitude. However, he is still looking at being a reserve after the team signed Jamey Carroll to start at shortstop. That's not to say Nishioka can't emerge as a starter at some point this season, but the Twins are going to make him earn it. Nishioka is at best an AL-only Fantasy reserve on Draft Day.

Mike Moustakas
Moustakas in great shape
Mike Moustakas, 3B, KC
12:48 PM
News: Royals manager Ned Yost had his contract option for the 2013 season picked up on Tuesday, but the Kansas City skipper seemed more interested in talking about his 2012 team. Yost was impressed with how many players have shown up for spring training early and is really blown away by the fitness level of a few of his players. "Billy Butler and Mike Moustakas -- I'm extremely proud of both of those guys," Yost told reporters. "They could be in the best shape they've been in their careers. Billy looks great, and I didn't even hardly recognize Moose he looks so good."
Analysis: While the fitness level doesn't necessarily mean a player will have success, it really can't hurt either. To hear Yost rave about Moustakas should get the attention of Fantasy owners. Moustakas, who is one of the Royals' top prospects, struggled when he first arrived in the majors last season. However, he seemed to have figured it out by season's end. Moustakas hit .352 with four homers and 12 RBI in his final 22 games last season. He is definitely one of the more intriguing Fantasy sleepers heading into 2012 and this latest report just adds to his appeal on Draft Day.

Jake Westbrook
Westbrook sheds 25 pounds
Jake Westbrook, SP, STL
2:11 PM
News: The St. Louis Post-Dispatch reports Cardinals SP Jake Westbrook has shown up for spring training 25 pounds lighter than he was last season.
Analysis: This is the time of year where everyone seems to come to camp in better shape than they left last season. Hopefully for Westbrook it makes a difference in his game. He did go 12-9 in 2011, but he posted a 4.66 ERA and 1.53 WHIP in 33 starts. Westbrook can chew up innings, but he won't post impressive ERA, WHIP or strikeout total. Leave him for NL-only Fantasy formats.

 
 
 
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